Despite potent defence and ecological generalism of hornets (Vespa spp.), little attention has been paid to them as potential models of mimicry in hoverflies. We propose a Batesian-Müllerian mimicry ring of the Oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) consisting of eight species that coexist in the Mediterranean region, including two hoverfly species (Volucella zonaria and Milesia crabroniformis), one thick-headed fly (Diptera: Conopidae) and five hymenopterans. To reveal general ecological patterns, we compared their phenology and geographical distribution. The Batesian mimics occurred later during a season than the Müllerian mimics, which corresponds to the model-first theory that predicts earlier appearance of models than mimics. In Volucella zonaria (Diptera: Syrphidae), its temperature-driven range expansion could lead to allopatry with its original model, and, potentially, to less accurate resemblance to an alternative model, the European hornet (Vespa crabro). Sympatry with an alternative model, the European hornet, probably also leads to colour polymorphism in some hymenopteran members of the mimicry ring. We further encourage using this mimicry ring as a suitable model system for studying general patterns of evolution of mimicry in heterogeneous and temporally dynamic environments.